Researchers

Maximilian Altmeyer

Visiting Ph.D. Student, Personalization of Gameful Systems

Publications

Year 2020

Game Atmosphere: Effects of Audiovisual Thematic Cohesion on Player Experience and Psychophysiology

@inproceedings{10.1145/3410404.3414245,
author = {Ribeiro, Giovanni and Rogers, Katja and Altmeyer, Maximilian and Terkildsen, Thomas and Nacke, Lennart E.},
title = {Game Atmosphere: Effects of Audiovisual Thematic Cohesion on Player Experience and Psychophysiology},
year = {2020},
isbn = {9781450380744},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3410404.3414245},
doi = {10.1145/3410404.3414245},
abstract = {Game atmosphere and game audio are critical factors linked to the commercial success of video games. However, game atmosphere has been neither operationalized nor clearly defined in games user research literature, making it difficult to study. We define game atmosphere as the emerging subjective experience of a player caused by the strong audiovisual thematic cohesion (i.e., the harmonic fit of sounds and graphics to a shared theme) of video game elements. We studied players' experience of thematic cohesion in two between-subjects, independent-measures experiments (N=109) across four conditions differing in their level of audiovisual thematic fit. Participants' experiences were assessed with physiological and psychometric measurements to understand the effect of game atmosphere on player experience. Results indicate that a lack of thematic fit between audio and visuals lowers the degree of perceived atmosphere, but that while audiovisual thematic dissonance may lead to higher-intensity negative-valence facial events, it does not impact self-reported player experience or immersion.},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play},
pages = {107–119},
numpages = {13},
keywords = {music, player experience, games, dissonance, audio, atmosphere},
location = {Virtual Event, Canada},
series = {CHI PLAY '20}
}

Game atmosphere and game audio are critical factors linked to the commercial success of video games. However, game atmosphere has been neither operationalized nor clearly defined in games user research literature, making it difficult to study. We define game atmosphere as the emerging subjective experience of a player caused by the strong audiovisual thematic cohesion (i.e., the harmonic fit of sounds and graphics to a shared theme) of video game elements. We studied players' experience of thematic cohesion in two between-subjects, independent-measures experiments (N=109) across four conditions differing in their level of audiovisual thematic fit. Participants' experiences were assessed with physiological and psychometric measurements to understand the effect of game atmosphere on player experience. Results indicate that a lack of thematic fit between audio and visuals lowers the degree of perceived atmosphere, but that while audiovisual thematic dissonance may lead to higher-intensity negative-valence facial events, it does not impact self-reported player experience or immersion.

HexArcade: Predicting Hexad User Types By Using Gameful Applications

@inproceedings{Altmeyer2020,
author = {Altmeyer, Maximilian and Tondello, Gustavo F. and Kr{\"{u}}ger, Antonio and Nacke, Lennart E.},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY 2020)},
doi = {10.1145/3410404.3414232},
isbn = {9781450380744},
keywords = {Gamification,Hexad,Personalization,Prediction},
title = {{HexArcade: Predicting Hexad User Types By Using Gameful Applications}},
year = {2020}
}

Personalization is essential for gameful systems. Past research showed that the Hexad user types model is particularly suitable for personalizing user experiences. The validated Hexad user types questionnaire is an effective tool for scientific purposes. However, it is less suitable in practice for personalizing gameful applications, because filling out a questionnaire potentially affects a person’s gameful experience and immersion within an interactive system negatively. Furthermore, studies investigating correlations between Hexad user types and preferences for gamification elements were survey-based (i.e., not based on user behaviour). In this paper, we improve upon both these aspects. In a user study (N=147), we show that gameful applications can be used to predict Hexad user types and that the interaction behaviour with gamification elements corresponds to a users’ Hexad type. Ultimately, participants perceived our gameful applications as more enjoyable and immersive than filling out the Hexad questionnaire.