Lennart Nacke
Director of the HCI Games Group

Professor Nacke teaches User Experience, Human-Computer Interaction, and Game Design at the University of Waterloo. As part of the Stratford School of Interaction Design and Business, the Department of Communication Arts, and the Games Institute, he is researching player experience in video games, immersive VR environments, and gameful applications. As a truly interdisciplinary researcher, he is cross-appointed and supervises graduate students in the Department of Systems Design Engineering, the Department of English Language and Literature, and the Cheriton School of Computer Science. Together with co-researchers, he published the PXI — player experience inventory, gamification user types hexad scale, guidelines for biofeedback and sound design in games, and a book on games user research. Professor Nacke has served on the steering committee of the International Game Developers Association Games Research & User Experience Special Interest Group in the past, was the chair of the CHI PLAY conference steering committee from 2014–2018. His publications have won Best Paper Awards at the CHI, CSCW, and CHI PLAY conferences. He has published more than 100 scientific papers, which have been cited more than 10,000 times. He strongly believes in understanding users first to build more engaging games and compelling player experiences.
Profile Video
Teaching
Projects
Exergetic: An innovative digital solution to individually improve physical and cognitive functions using an exergame (video game-based) training in an ecologically valid and safe setting for the geriatric population

Mitacs: The Impact of Cultural and Economic Factors on Play and Purchase Decisions for Tabletop Games

Publications
Year 2021
Revealing the hotspots of educational gamification: An umbrella review
Ahmed Hosny Saleh Metwally. 2021. Revealing the hotspots of educational gamification: An umbrella review. International Journal of Educational Research. doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2021.101832
Year 2020
Demystifying the First-Time Experience of Mobile Games: The Presence of a Tutorial Has a Positive Impact on Non-Expert Players’ Flow and Continuous-Use Intentions

Mario Passalacqua, Raphaël Morin, Sylvain Sénécal, Lennart Nacke, and Pierre-Majorique Léger. 2020. Demystifying the First-Time Experience of Mobile Games: The Presence of a Tutorial Has a Positive Impact on Non-Expert Players’ Flow and Continuous-Use Intentions. In Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 4, 3: 41. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. doi:10.3390/mti4030041
Development and validation of the player experience inventory: A scale to measure player experiences at the level of functional and psychosocial consequences

Vero Vanden Abeele, Katta Spiel, Lennart Nacke, Daniel Johnson, and Kathrin Gerling. 2020. Development and validation of the player experience inventory: A scale to measure player experiences at the level of functional and psychosocial consequences. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 135. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2019.102370
Food Literacy while Shopping: Motivating Informed Food Purchasing Behaviour with a Situated Gameful App

Marcela Bomfim, Sharon Kirkpatrick, Lennart Nacke, and James Wallace. 2020. Food Literacy while Shopping: Motivating Informed Food Purchasing Behaviour with a Situated Gameful App. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '20. doi:10.1145/3313831.3376801
Game Atmosphere: Effects of Audiovisual Thematic Cohesion on Player Experience and Psychophysiology

Giovanni Ribeiro, Katja Rogers, Maximilian Altmeyer , Thomas Terkildsen, and Lennart Nacke. 2020. Game Atmosphere: Effects of Audiovisual Thematic Cohesion on Player Experience and Psychophysiology. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '20). New York, NY, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/3410404.3414245
Gamification of Older Adults’ Physical Activity: Thematic Analysis of an Eight-Week Experimental Study

Lennart Nacke, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Dennis Kappen. 2020. Gamification of Older Adults’ Physical Activity: Thematic Analysis of an Eight-Week Experimental Study. In Frontiers in Computer Science 2: 44. Frontiers.
HexArcade: Predicting Hexad User Types By Using Gameful Applications

Maximilian Altmeyer , Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Antonio Krüger, and Lennart Nacke. 2020. HexArcade: Predicting Hexad User Types By Using Gameful Applications. In Proceedings of the the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY 2020). ACM. doi:10.1145/3410404.3414232
Imi Pono: Creating an Ethical Framework for User Experience Design

Laura Fong, Jenny Waycott, Aynur Kadir, Jet Gispen, and Lennart Nacke. 2020. Imi Pono: Creating an Ethical Framework for User Experience Design. In Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. doi:10.1145/3334480.3375161
Keep Calm and Ride Along: Passenger Comfort and Anxiety as Physiological Responses to Autonomous Driving Styles

Nicole Dillen , Marco Ilievski, Edith Law, Lennart Nacke, Krzysztof Czarnecki, and Oliver Schneider. 2020. Keep Calm and Ride Along: Passenger Comfort and Anxiety as Physiological Responses to Autonomous Driving Styles. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. doi:10.1145/3313831.3376247
Me, Myself, and Not-I: Self-Discrepancy Type Predicts Avatar Creation Style

Mitchell Loewen, Christopher Burris, and Lennart Nacke. 2020. Me, Myself, and Not-I: Self-Discrepancy Type Predicts Avatar Creation Style. In Frontiers in physiology 11.
Older Adults’ Motivation for Physical Activity Using Gamified Technology: An Eight-Week Experimental Study

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2020. Older Adults’ Motivation for Physical Activity Using Gamified Technology: An Eight-Week Experimental Study. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-50249-2_22
Personal Space in Play: Physical and Digital Boundaries in Large-Display Cooperative and Competitive Games

Rina Wehbe, Terence Dickson , Anastasia Kuzminykh, Lennart Nacke, and Edward Lank. 2020. Personal Space in Play: Physical and Digital Boundaries in Large-Display Cooperative and Competitive Games. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '20). New York, NY, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/3313831.3376319
Playing in the backstore: interface gamification increases warehousing workforce engagement

Mario Passalacqua, Pierre-Majorique Léger, Lennart Nacke, Marc Fredette, Élise Labonté-Lemoyne, Xinli Lin, Tony Caprioli, and Sylvain Sénécal. 2020. Playing in the backstore: interface gamification increases warehousing workforce engagement. In Industrial Management & Data Systems.. doi:10.1108/IMDS-08-2019-0458
Technology Facilitates Physical Activity Through Gamification: A Thematic Analysis of an 8-Week Study

Lennart Nacke, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Dennis Kappen. 2020. Technology Facilitates Physical Activity Through Gamification: A Thematic Analysis of an 8-Week Study. In Frontiers in Computer Science - Human-Media Interaction 2: 530309. Frontiers in Computer Science. doi:10.3389/fcomp.2020.530309
The Potential Disconnect between Time Perception and Immersion: Effects of Music on VR Player Experience

Katja Rogers, Maximillian Milo, Michael Weber, and Lennart Nacke. 2020. The Potential Disconnect between Time Perception and Immersion: Effects of Music on VR Player Experience. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '20). New York, NY, USA. ACM, 414–426. doi:10.1145/3410404.3414246
Validation of User Preferences and Effects of Personalized Gamification on Task Performance

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2020. Validation of User Preferences and Effects of Personalized Gamification on Task Performance. In Frontiers in Computer Science 2: 29. Frontiers. doi:10.3389/fcomp.2020.00029
What is it Like to Be a Game?-Object Oriented Inquiry for Games Research, Design and Evaluation

Katta Spiel and Lennart Nacke. 2020. What is it Like to Be a Game?-Object Oriented Inquiry for Games Research, Design and Evaluation. In Frontiers in Computer Science 2: 18. Frontier. doi:10.3389/fcomp.2020.00018
Year 2019
" It Started as a Joke" On the Design of Idle Game

Katta Spiel, Sultan Alharthi, Andrew Cen, Jessica Hammer, Lennart Nacke, Zachary Toups, and Tess Tanenbaum. 2019. " It Started as a Joke" On the Design of Idle Game. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. 495-508. doi:10.1145/3311350.3347180
A Pilot Study of a Digital Skill Tree in Gameful Education

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2019. A Pilot Study of a Digital Skill Tree in Gameful Education. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Gamification and Games for Learning - GamiLearn '19. Barcelona, Spain. CEUR-WS.org. Online: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2497/paper15.pdf
Biologically-Inspired Gameplay: Movement Algorithms for Artificially Intelligent (AI) Non-Player Characters (NPC)

Rina Wehbe, Giovanni Ribeiro, Kenny Fung, Lennart Nacke, and Edward Lank. 2019. Biologically-Inspired Gameplay: Movement Algorithms for Artificially Intelligent (AI) Non-Player Characters (NPC). In Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2019. Kingston, ON, Canada. CHCCS. doi:10.20380/GI2019.28
Cross-Car, Multiplayer Games for Semi-Autonomous Driving

Matthew Lakier, Lennart Nacke, Takeo Igarashi, and Daniel Vogel. 2019. Cross-Car, Multiplayer Games for Semi-Autonomous Driving. In Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. 467-480. doi:10.1145/3311350.3347166
Crushed it!: Interactive Floor Demonstration

Rina Wehbe, Kai Bornemann, Benjamin Hatscher, Joseph Tu, Lisa Freiman Cormier, Christian Hansen, Edward Lank, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Crushed it!: Interactive Floor Demonstration. In Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '19. Glasgow, Scotland UK. ACM, INT014. doi:10.1145/3290607.3313279
Defining Gameful Experience as a Psychological State Caused by Gameplay: Replacing the Term ‘Gamefulness’ with Three Distinct Constructs

Richard Landers, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Andrew Collmus, Elisa Mekler, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Defining Gameful Experience as a Psychological State Caused by Gameplay: Replacing the Term ‘Gamefulness’ with Three Distinct Constructs. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 127: 81-94. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2018.08.003
Do Cognitive Styles Influence Collective Sensemaking in Distributed Multiplayer Games?

Sultan Alharthi, George Raptis, Christina Katsini, Igor Dolgov, Lennart Nacke, and Zachary Toups. 2019. Do Cognitive Styles Influence Collective Sensemaking in Distributed Multiplayer Games?. In Proceedings of the ACM Collective Intelligence Conference Series. ACM. Online: https://ci.acm.org/2019/assets/proceedings/CI_2019_paper_35.pdf
Empirical Validation of the Gamification User Types Hexad Scale in English and Spanish

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Alberto Mora, Andrzej Marczewski, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Empirical Validation of the Gamification User Types Hexad Scale in English and Spanish. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 127: 95-111. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2018.10.002
Gameful Design Heuristics: A Gamification Inspection Tool

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Marim Ganaba, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Gameful Design Heuristics: A Gamification Inspection Tool. In Human-Computer Interaction. Perspectives on Design. Proceedings of HCI International 2019. LNCS 11566. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-22646-6_16
How to Write CHI Papers (Third Edition)

Lennart Nacke. 2019. How to Write CHI Papers (Third Edition). In Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '19. Glasgow, Scotland UK. ACM, C05. doi:10.1145/3290607.3298817
Human-Computer Interaction–INTERACT 2019: 17th IFIP TC 13 International Conference

Panayiotis Zaphiris, Marco Winckler, Helen Petrie, Lennart Nacke, Fernando Loizides, and David Lamas. 2019. Human-Computer Interaction–INTERACT 2019: 17th IFIP TC 13 International Conference. Springer Nature., 2-6. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29390-1
Motivational Affordances for Older Adults’ Physical Activity Technology: An Expert Evaluation

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Motivational Affordances for Older Adults’ Physical Activity Technology: An Expert Evaluation. In Human-Computer Interaction. Perspectives on Design. Proceedings of HCI International 2019. LNCS 11566. Springer.
Older Adults’ Physical Activity and Exergames: A Systematic Review

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Older Adults’ Physical Activity and Exergames: A Systematic Review. In International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 35, 2: 140-167. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.1080/10447318.2018.1441253
Player Characteristics and Video Game Preferences

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Player Characteristics and Video Game Preferences. In Proceedings of the 2019 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '19. Barcelona, Spain. ACM. doi:10.1145/3311350.3347185
The Development of" Orbit" The Collaborative BCI Game for Children with AD (H) D

Karina Arrambide, Lisa Freiman Cormier, Rina Wehbe, Lennart Nacke, Mareike Gabele, Sebastian Wagner, and Christian Hansen. 2019. The Development of" Orbit" The Collaborative BCI Game for Children with AD (H) D. In Extended Abstracts of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Companion Extended Abstracts. 341-348. doi:10.1145/3341215.3356301
The Impact of Using a Gamified Interface on Engagement in a Warehousing Management Task: A NeuroIS Research Proposal

Mario Passalacqua, Pierre-Majorique Léger, Sylvain Sénécal, Marc Fredette, Lennart Nacke, Xinli Lin, Karine Grande, Nicolas Robitaille, Liza Ziemer, and Tony Caprioli. 2019. The Impact of Using a Gamified Interface on Engagement in a Warehousing Management Task: A NeuroIS Research Proposal. In Information Systems and Neuroscience. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol 29. Cham. Springer, 187-194. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01087-4_23
The quest for a better tailoring of gameful design: An analysis of player type preferences

Alberto Mora, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Laura Calvet, Carina González, Joan Arnedo-Moreno, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. The quest for a better tailoring of gameful design: An analysis of player type preferences. In Proceedings of the XX International Conference on Human Computer Interaction - Interacción '19. ACM. doi:10.1145/3335595.3335625
User Experience (UX) Research in Games

Lennart Nacke, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Anders Drachen. 2019. User Experience (UX) Research in Games. In Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '19. Glasgow, Scotland UK. ACM, C25. doi:10.1145/3290607.3298826
“I don't fit into a single type”: A Trait Model and Scale of Game Playing Preferences

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Karina Arrambide, Giovanni Ribeiro, Andrew Cen, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. “I don't fit into a single type”: A Trait Model and Scale of Game Playing Preferences. In Proceedings of INTERACT 2019, LNCS 11747. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29384-0_23
Year 2018
A Theory of Gamification Principles Through Goal-Setting Theory

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Hardy Premsukh, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. A Theory of Gamification Principles Through Goal-Setting Theory. In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE, 1118-1127. Online: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/50027
Effect of personalized gameful design on student engagement

Alberto Mora, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Lennart Nacke, and Joan Arnedo-Moreno. 2018. Effect of personalized gameful design on student engagement. In Proceedings of the IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference - EDUCON 2018. Tenerife, Spain. IEEE.
Exploring the Role of Non-Player Characters and Gender in Player Identification
Katja Rogers, Maria Aufheimer, Michael Weber, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Exploring the Role of Non-Player Characters and Gender in Player Identification. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '18 Extended Abstracts. Melbourne, VIC, Australia. ACM, 271-283. doi:10.1145/3270316.3273041
Games User Research
Anders Drachen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke (Eds). 2018. Games User Research. New York, NY. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198794844.001.0001
Games User Research Methods

Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Lennart Nacke, and Anders Drachen. 2018. Games User Research Methods. In Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Companion Extended Abstracts - CHI PLAY '18 Extended Abstracts. Melbourne, VIC, Australia. ACM, 1-4. doi:10.1145/3270316.3271548
Games and Play SIG: Engaging Small Developer Communities

Lennart Nacke, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Katta Spiel, Zachary Toups, and Katherine Isbister. 2018. Games and Play SIG: Engaging Small Developer Communities. In Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '18. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, SIG11. doi:10.1145/3170427.3185360
Gamification of Older Adults’ Physical Activity: An Eight-Week Study

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Gamification of Older Adults’ Physical Activity: An Eight-Week Study. In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE, 1207-1216. Online: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/50036
Gamification: Tools and Techniques for Motivating Users

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Gamification: Tools and Techniques for Motivating Users. In Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '18. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, C25. doi:10.1145/3170427.3170662
How to Write CHI Papers: Second Edition

Lennart Nacke. 2018. How to Write CHI Papers: Second Edition. In Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '18. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, C05. doi:10.1145/3170427.3170653
Information Visualisation, Gamification and Immersive Technologies in Participatory Planning

Nektarios Christodoulou, Andreas Papallas, Zona Kostic, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Information Visualisation, Gamification and Immersive Technologies in Participatory Planning. In Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '18. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, SIG12. doi:10.1145/3170427.3185363
Introduction to biometric measures for Games User Research
Lennart Nacke. 2018. Introduction to biometric measures for Games User Research. In Anders Drachen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. Eds. Games User Research. New York, NY. Oxford University Press, 281-299. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198794844.003.0016
Introduction to biometric measures for Games User Research
Lennart Nacke. 2018. Introduction to biometric measures for Games User Research. In Anders Drachen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. Eds. Games User Research. New York, NY. Oxford University Press, 281-299. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198794844.003.0016
Investigating the Impact of Annotation Interfaces on Player Performance in Distributed Multiplayer Games

Sultan Alharthi, Ruth Castillo, Ahmed Khalaf, Zachary Toups, Igor Dolgov, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Investigating the Impact of Annotation Interfaces on Player Performance in Distributed Multiplayer Games. In Proceeding of the 2018 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2018. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, 314. doi:10.1145/3173574.3173888
KickAR: Exploring Game Balancing Through Boosts and Handicaps in Augmented Reality Table Football

Katja Rogers, Mark Colley, David Lehr, Julian Frommel, Marcel Walch, Lennart Nacke, and Michael Weber. 2018. KickAR: Exploring Game Balancing Through Boosts and Handicaps in Augmented Reality Table Football. In Proceeding of the 2018 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2018. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, 166. doi:10.1145/3173574.3173740
Online-only friends, real-life friends or strangers? Differential associations with passion and social capital in video game play

Ryan Perry, Anders Drachen, Allison Kearney, Simone Kriglstein, Lennart Nacke, Rafet Sifa, Guenter Wallner, and Daniel Johnson. 2018. Online-only friends, real-life friends or strangers? Differential associations with passion and social capital in video game play. In Computers in Human Behavior 79: 202-210. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.032
Personalizing Persuasive Strategies in Gameful Systems to Gamification User Types

Rita Orji, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Personalizing Persuasive Strategies in Gameful Systems to Gamification User Types. In Proceeding of the 2018 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2018. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, 435. doi:10.1145/3173574.3174009
Practical Insights into the Design of Future Disaster Response Training Simulations

Sultan Alharthi, Nicolas LaLone, Ahmed Khalaf, Ruth Castillo, Lennart Nacke, Igor Dolgov, and Zachary Toups. 2018. Practical Insights into the Design of Future Disaster Response Training Simulations. In 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2018). Rochester, NY, USA.
Toward Understanding the Effects of Cognitive Styles on Collaboration in Multiplayer Games

Sultan Alharthi, George Raptis, Christina Katsini, Igor Dolgov, Lennart Nacke, and Zachary Toups. 2018. Toward Understanding the Effects of Cognitive Styles on Collaboration in Multiplayer Games. In Companion of the 2018 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing - CSCW '18. Jersey City, NJ, USA. ACM, 169-172. doi:10.1145/3272973.3274047
Towards Customizing Gameful Systems by Gameful Design Elements

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Towards Customizing Gameful Systems by Gameful Design Elements. In Third International Workshop on Personalization in Persuasive Technology. Waterloo, ON, Canada. CEUR-WS.org, 102-110. Online: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2089/11_Tondello.pdf
Towards a Trait Model of Video Game Preferences

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Deltcho Valtchanov, Adrian Reetz, Rina Wehbe, Rita Orji, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Towards a Trait Model of Video Game Preferences. In International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 34, 8: 732-748. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.1080/10447318.2018.1461765
Towards the Visual Design of Non-Player Characters for Narrative Roles
Katja Rogers, Maria Aufheimer, Michael Weber, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Towards the Visual Design of Non-Player Characters for Narrative Roles. In Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2018. Toronto, ON Canada. 154-161. doi:10.20380/GI2018.21
Vanishing Importance: Studying Immersive Effects of Game Audio Perception on Player Experiences in Virtual Reality

Katja Rogers, Giovanni Ribeiro, Rina Wehbe, Michael Weber, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Vanishing Importance: Studying Immersive Effects of Game Audio Perception on Player Experiences in Virtual Reality. In Proceeding of the 2018 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2018. Montreal, QC, Canada. ACM, 328. doi:10.1145/3173574.3173902
Year 2017
A Framework and Taxonomy of Videogame Playing Preferences

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, Rita Orji, Giovanni Ribeiro, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. A Framework and Taxonomy of Videogame Playing Preferences. In Proceedings of the 2017 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '17. Amsterdam, Netherlands. ACM, 329-340 . doi:10.1145/3116595.3116629
Applying Gameful Design Heuristics

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Applying Gameful Design Heuristics. In Proceeding of the 2017 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2017. Denver, CO, USA. ACM, 1209-1212. doi:10.1145/3027063.3027116
CLEVER: A Gameful Enterprise Learning System

Dominic Elm, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. CLEVER: A Gameful Enterprise Learning System. In 1st International Workshop on Gamification and Games for Learning. Tenerife, Spain. ULL. Online: https://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/4783
Curiously Motivated: Profiling Curiosity with Self-Reports and Behaviour Metrics in the Game “Destiny”

Mike Schäkermann, Giovanni Ribeiro, Guenter Wallner, Simone Kriglstein, Daniel Johnson, Anders Drachen, Rafet Sifa, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Curiously Motivated: Profiling Curiosity with Self-Reports and Behaviour Metrics in the Game “Destiny”. In Proceedings of the 2017 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '17. Amsterdam, Netherlands. ACM, 143-156 . doi:10.1145/3116595.3116603
Defining Gamification Video

Melissa Stocco, Marim Ganaba, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Defining Gamification Video. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 472. doi:10.1145/3027063.3049793
Elements of Gameful Design Emerging from User Preferences

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Alberto Mora, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Elements of Gameful Design Emerging from User Preferences. In Proceedings of the 2017 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '17. Amsterdam, Netherlands. ACM, 129-142. doi:10.1145/3116595.3116627
Exploring the Potential of Game Audio for Wellbeing

Katja Rogers and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Exploring the Potential of Game Audio for Wellbeing. In Positive Gaming: Workshop on Gamification and Games for Wellbeing. Amsterdam, Netherlands. CEUR-WS.org. Online: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2055/paper8.pdf
Foreword: 1st Workshop on Gamification and Games for Learning

Joan Arnedo-Moreno, González González , Carina Soledad, Alberto Mora, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Foreword: 1st Workshop on Gamification and Games for Learning. Online: https://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/4766
From Joysticks to Pokémon Go: Games and Play Research in SIGCHI

Lennart Nacke, Zachary Toups, and Daniel Johnson. 2017. From Joysticks to Pokémon Go: Games and Play Research in SIGCHI. In Proceeding of the 2017 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2017. Denver, CO, USA. ACM, 1330-1333. doi:10.1145/3027063.3049284
Games User Research and Gamification in Human-Computer Interaction

Lennart Nacke. 2017. Games User Research and Gamification in Human-Computer Interaction. In XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students 24, 1: 48-51. ACM. doi:10.1145/3123748
Gamification through the Application of Motivational Affordances for Physical Activity Technology

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Gamification through the Application of Motivational Affordances for Physical Activity Technology. In Proceedings of the 2017 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '17. Amsterdam, Netherlands. ACM. doi:10.1145/3116595.3116604
GazeTap: towards hands-free interaction in the operating room

Benjamin Hatscher, Maria Luz, Lennart Nacke, Norbert Elkmann, Veit Müller, and Christian Hansen. 2017. GazeTap: towards hands-free interaction in the operating room. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction - ICMI '17. Glasgow, UK. ACM, 243-251 . doi:10.1145/3136755.3136759
How Multidisciplinary is Gamification Research? Results from a Scoping Review

Nicholas O'Donnel, Dennis Kappen, Zachary Fitz-Walter, Sebastian Deterding, Lennart Nacke, and Daniel Johnson. 2017. How Multidisciplinary is Gamification Research? Results from a Scoping Review. In Extended Abstracts Publication of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. ACM, 445–452. doi:10.1145/3130859.3131412
How to Write and Review CHI Papers

Lennart Nacke. 2017. How to Write and Review CHI Papers. In Proceeding of the 2017 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2017. Denver, CO, USA. ACM, 1228-1231. doi:10.1145/3027063.3027097
Left Them 4 Dead: Perception of Humans versus Non-Player Character Teammates in Cooperative Gameplay

Rina Wehbe, Edward Lank, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Left Them 4 Dead: Perception of Humans versus Non-Player Character Teammates in Cooperative Gameplay. In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. Edinburgh, UK. ACM, 403-415. doi:10.1145/3064663.3064712
Positive Gaming: Workshop on Gamification and Games for Wellbeing

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rita Orji, Kellie Vella, Daniel Johnson, Marierose van Dooren, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Positive Gaming: Workshop on Gamification and Games for Wellbeing. In Proceedings of the 2017 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '17 Extended Abstracts. Amsterdam, Netherlands. ACM. doi:10.1145/3130859.3131442
Recommender Systems for Personalized Gamification

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rita Orji, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Recommender Systems for Personalized Gamification. In Proceedings of UMAP’17 Adjunct. Bratislava, Slovakia. ACM. doi:10.1145/3099023.3099114
Testing Incremental Difficulty Design in Platformer Games

Rina Wehbe, Elisa Mekler, Mike Schäkermann, Edward Lank, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Testing Incremental Difficulty Design in Platformer Games. In Proceeding of the 2017 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2017. Denver, CO, USA. ACM, 5109-5113. doi:10.1145/3025453.3025697
The Adoption of Physiological Measures as an Evaluation Tool in UX

Vanessa Georges, François Courtemanche, Sylvain Sénécal, Pierre-Majorique Léger, Lennart Nacke, and Romain Pourchon. 2017. The Adoption of Physiological Measures as an Evaluation Tool in UX. In Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah and Chuan-Hoo Tan. Eds. HCI in Business, Government and Organizations. Interacting with Information Systems. HCIBGO 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 10293. Cham. Springer, 90-98. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58481-2_8
The Impact of Health-Related User Interface Sounds on Player Experience

James Robb, Tom Garner, Karen Collins, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. The Impact of Health-Related User Interface Sounds on Player Experience. In Simulation & Gaming 48, 3: 402-427. SAGE. doi:10.1177/1046878116688236
The maturing of gamification research

Lennart Nacke and Sebastian Deterding. 2017. The maturing of gamification research. In Computers in Human Behavior 71: 450-454. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.062
Towards Personality-driven Persuasive Health Games and Gamified Systems

Rita Orji, Lennart Nacke, and Chrysanne Di Marco. 2017. Towards Personality-driven Persuasive Health Games and Gamified Systems. In Proceeding of the 2017 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2017. Denver, CO, USA. ACM, 1015-1027. doi:10.1145/3025453.3025577
Using technology to boost employee wellbeing? How gamification can help or hinder results

Ekaterina Pogrebtsova, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Hardy Premsukh, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Using technology to boost employee wellbeing? How gamification can help or hinder results. In Positive Gaming: Workshop on Gamification and Games for Wellbeing. Amsterdam, Netherlands. CEUR-WS.org. Online: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2055/paper5.pdf
Year 2016
"It was Colonel Mustard in the Study with the Candlestick": Using Artifacts to Create An Alternate Reality Game-The Unworkshop

Alina Striner, Lennart Nacke, Elizabeth Bonsignore, Matthew Louis Mauriello, Zachary Toups, Carlea Holl-Jensen, and Heather Kelley. 2016. "It was Colonel Mustard in the Study with the Candlestick": Using Artifacts to Create An Alternate Reality Game-The Unworkshop. In arXiv:1804.08737 [cs.HC]. arXiv. Online: https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.08737
ABOVE WATER: An Educational Game for Anxiety

Rina Wehbe, Diane Watson, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Marim Ganaba, Melissa Stocco, Alvin Lee, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. ABOVE WATER: An Educational Game for Anxiety. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Extended Abstracts - CHI PLAY EA '16. Austin, TX, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/2968120.2971804
ABOVE WATER: Extending the Play Space for Health

Rina Wehbe, Diane Watson, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. ABOVE WATER: Extending the Play Space for Health. In Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces - ISS '16. Niagara Falls, ON, Canada. ACM. doi:10.1145/2992154.2996882
Biometrics in a Data Driven World: Trends, Technologies, and Challenges

Lennart Nacke and Regan Mandryk. 2016. Biometrics in a Data Driven World: Trends, Technologies, and Challenges. CRC Press, 197-229.
CHI PLAYGUE: A Mobile Conference Networking Game

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. CHI PLAYGUE: A Mobile Conference Networking Game. In Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces - ISS '16. Niagara Falls, ON, Canada. ACM. doi:10.1145/2992154.2996870
CLEVER: A Trivia and Strategy Game for Enterprise Knowledge Learning

Dominic Elm, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Marim Ganaba, Melissa Stocco, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. CLEVER: A Trivia and Strategy Game for Enterprise Knowledge Learning. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Extended Abstracts - CHI PLAY EA '16. Austin, TX, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/2968120.2971805
CLEVER: Gamification and Enterprise Knowledge Learning

Dominic Elm, Dennis Kappen, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. CLEVER: Gamification and Enterprise Knowledge Learning. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Extended Abstracts - CHI PLAY EA '16. Austin, TX, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/2968120.2987745
Design Strategies for Gamified Physical Activity Applications for Older Adults

Dennis Kappen, Lennart Nacke, Kathrin Gerling, and Lia Tsotos. 2016. Design Strategies for Gamified Physical Activity Applications for Older Adults. In Proceedings of the 49th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 1309-1318. doi:10.1109/HICSS.2016.166
Design and preliminary validation of the player experience inventory

Vero Vanden Abeele, Lennart Nacke, Elisa Mekler, and Daniel Johnson. 2016. Design and preliminary validation of the player experience inventory. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Companion Extended Ab.. ACM, 335–341. doi:10.1145/2968120.2987744
Games of the Heart and Mind: Affective Ludology and the Development of Emotionally Aware Player Experiences.

Pedro Nogueira, Samantha Stahlke, Rina Wehbe, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. Games of the Heart and Mind: Affective Ludology and the Development of Emotionally Aware Player Experiences.. McFarland & Company, Inc., 105-125.
Heuristic Evaluation for Gameful Design

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Elisa Mekler, Marim Ganaba, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. Heuristic Evaluation for Gameful Design. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Extended Ebstracts - CHI PLAY EA '16. Austin, TX, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/2968120.2987729
Investigating the Impact of Cooperative Communication Mechanics on Player Performance in Portal 2

Deepika Vaddi, Zachary Toups, Igor Dolgov, Rina Wehbe, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. Investigating the Impact of Cooperative Communication Mechanics on Player Performance in Portal 2. In Proceedings of Graphics Interfaces 2016. Victoria, BC, Canada. ACM.
Lightweight Games User Research for Indies and Non-Profit Organizations

Lennart Nacke, Christiane Moser, Anders Drachen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Andrea Abney, and Zhu (Cole) Zhenyu. 2016. Lightweight Games User Research for Indies and Non-Profit Organizations. In Proceedings of the 34th Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts - CHI EA '16. San Jose, CA, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/2851581.2856504
Player Experience

Florian ‘Floyd’ Mueller, Christiane Moser, Lennart Nacke, and Josef Wiemeyer. 2016. Player Experience. Springer International Publishing, 243-271. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40612-1_9
The Gamification User Types Hexad Scale

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, Lisa Diamond, Marc Busch, Andrzej Marczewski, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. The Gamification User Types Hexad Scale. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '16. Austin, TX, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/2967934.2968082
“The Collecting Itself Feels Good”: Towards Collection Interfaces for Digital Game Objects

Zachary Toups, Nicole Crenshaw, Rina Wehbe, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. “The Collecting Itself Feels Good”: Towards Collection Interfaces for Digital Game Objects. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '16. Austin, TX, USA. ACM. doi:10.1145/2967934.2968088
Year 2015
2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play

Lennart Nacke, Regina Bernhaupt, Paul Cairns, and Anna L Cox. 2015. 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. SIGCHI. doi:10.1145/2793107
Actionable Inexpensive Games User Research.

Lennart Nacke, Steve Engels, and Pejman Mirza-Babaei. 2015. Actionable Inexpensive Games User Research.. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 2461–2462. doi:10.1145/2702613.2706681
All about that Base: Differing Player Experiences in Video Game Genres and the Unique Case of MOBA Games

Daniel Johnson, Lennart Nacke, and Peta Wyeth. 2015. All about that Base: Differing Player Experiences in Video Game Genres and the Unique Case of MOBA Games. In Proceedings of CHI 2015. Seoul, South Korea. ACM, 2265-2274. doi:10.1145/2702123.2702447
CHI PLAYGUE: A Networking Game of Emergent Sociality

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, Samantha Stahlke, Amanda Leo, Rylan Koroluk, and Lennart Nacke. 2015. CHI PLAYGUE: A Networking Game of Emergent Sociality. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2015. London, United Kingdom. ACM. doi:10.1145/2793107.2810265
Collaborative Multi-Touch Clinical Handover System for the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Rishikesan Kamaleswaran, Rina Wehbe, Edward Pugh, Lennart Nacke, Carolyn McGregor, and Andrew James. 2015. Collaborative Multi-Touch Clinical Handover System for the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. In Electronic Journal of Health Informatics 9, 1: 5. eJHI.
Data Synchronization in Games User Research

Rina Wehbe and Lennart Nacke. 2015. Data Synchronization in Games User Research. In GUR Tool Design Jam. London, UK. ACM.
Designing and Evaluating Sociability in Online Video Games.

David Geerts, Lennart Nacke, Effie Lai-Chong Law, Panayiotis Zaphiris, and Georgios Christou. 2015. Designing and Evaluating Sociability in Online Video Games. . Computers in Human Behavior., 515-566. doi:10.1145/2468356.2479656
Games User Research and Physiological Game Evaluation

Lennart Nacke. 2015. Games User Research and Physiological Game Evaluation. In Regina Bernhaupt. Eds. Game User Experience Evaluation. Springer International Publishing, 63-86. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15985-0_4
Gamifying Research: Strategies, Opportunities, Challenges, Ethics

Sebastian Deterding, Alessandro Canossa, Casper Harteveld, Seth Cooper, Lennart Nacke, and Jennifer Whitson. 2015. Gamifying Research: Strategies, Opportunities, Challenges, Ethics. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 2421–2424. doi:10.1145/2702613.2702646
Modelling human emotion in interactive environments: Physiological ensemble and grounded approaches for synthetic agents

Pedro Nogueira, Rui Rodrigues, Eugénio Oliveira, and Lennart Nacke. 2015. Modelling human emotion in interactive environments: Physiological ensemble and grounded approaches for synthetic agents. In Web intelligence 13, 3: 195-214. IOS Press. doi:10.3233/WEB-150321
Personalization in Serious and Persuasive Games and Gamified Interactions

Marc Busch, Elke Mattheiss, Rita Orji, Andrzej Marczewski, Wolfgang Hochleitner, Michael Lankes, Lennart Nacke, and Manfred Tscheligi. 2015. Personalization in Serious and Persuasive Games and Gamified Interactions. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '15. London, UK. ACM, 811-816. doi:10.1145/2793107.2810260
The HEXAD Gamification User Types Questionnaire : Background and Development Process

Lisa Diamond, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Andrzej Marczewski, Lennart Nacke, and Manfred Tscheligi. 2015. The HEXAD Gamification User Types Questionnaire : Background and Development Process. In Workshop on Personalization in Serious and Persuasive Games and Gamified Interactions. London, UK. ACM.
Toward Understanding Why Players Value In-Game Collections

Zachary Toups, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, Lennart Nacke, and Nicole Crenshaw. 2015. Toward Understanding Why Players Value In-Game Collections. In Workshop on Personalization in Serious and Persuasive Games and Gamified Interactions. London, UK. ACM.
Towards Understanding the Importance of Co-Located Gameplay

Rina Wehbe and Lennart Nacke. 2015. Towards Understanding the Importance of Co-Located Gameplay. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2015. London, United Kingdom. ACM. doi:2793107.2810312
Towards a Personalized Playful Digital Wellness Assistant

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, and Lennart Nacke. 2015. Towards a Personalized Playful Digital Wellness Assistant. In Workshop on Personalization in Serious and Persuasive Games and Gamified Interactions. London, UK. ACM.
Understanding Player Attitudes Towards Digital Game Objects

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, Zachary Toups, Lennart Nacke, and Nicole Crenshaw. 2015. Understanding Player Attitudes Towards Digital Game Objects. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2015. London, United Kingdom. ACM. doi:10.1145/2793107.2810292
Validating Test Chambers to Study Cooperative Communication Mechanics in Portal 2

Deepika Vaddi, Rina Wehbe, Zachary Toups, Samantha Stahlke, Rylan Koroluk, and Lennart Nacke. 2015. Validating Test Chambers to Study Cooperative Communication Mechanics in Portal 2. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2015. London, United Kingdom. ACM.
Vanishing scares: biofeedback modulation of affective player experiences in a procedural horror game

Pedro Nogueira, Vasco Torres, Rui Rodrigues, Eugénio Oliveira, and Lennart Nacke. 2015. Vanishing scares: biofeedback modulation of affective player experiences in a procedural horror game. In Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces 10, 1: 31-62. Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces.
Year 2014
BrainHex: A Neurobiological Gamer Typology Survey

Lennart Nacke, Chris Bateman, and Regan Mandryk. 2014. BrainHex: A Neurobiological Gamer Typology Survey. In Entertainment Computing 5, 1: 55-62. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.entcom.2013.06.002
Design guidelines for Gamifying reading applications

Rina Wehbe, James Robb, Jessica Clarke, João Costa, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Design guidelines for Gamifying reading applications. In 2014 IEEE Games Media Entertainment: 1-4. Toronto, ON, Canada. IEEE. doi:10.1109/GEM.2014.7405433
Developing Iconic and Semi-Iconic Game Controllers

Lennart Nacke, João Costa, Dennis Kappen, James Robb, and Daniel Buckstein. 2014. Developing Iconic and Semi-Iconic Game Controllers. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. ACM, 435-436. doi:10.1145/2658537.2661327
Engaged by Boos and Cheers: The Effect of Co-Located Game Audiences on Social Player Experience

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Jens Johannsmeier, Daniel Buckstein, James Robb, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Engaged by Boos and Cheers: The Effect of Co-Located Game Audiences on Social Player Experience. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. ACM, 151-160. doi:10.1145/2658537.2658687
First ACM SIGCHI Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play.

T. C. Nicholas Graham, Lennart Nacke, Regan Mandryk, and Florian ‘Floyd’ Mueller. 2014. First ACM SIGCHI Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play.. SIGCHI. doi:proceedings/10.1145/2658537
Fuzzy Affective Player Models: A Physiology-Based Hierarchical Clustering Method

Pedro Nogueira, Rúben Aguiar, Rui Rodrigues, Eugénio Oliveira, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Fuzzy Affective Player Models: A Physiology-Based Hierarchical Clustering Method. In Proceedings of AIIDE 2014. Raleigh, NC, United States. AAAI, 132-138.
Games and Entertainment Community SIG: Reaching Beyond CHI

Lennart Nacke, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Magy Seif El-Nasr, Heather Desurvire, and Regina Bernhaupt. 2014. Games and Entertainment Community SIG: Reaching Beyond CHI. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. ACM, 1123-1126. doi:10.1145/2559206.2559216
Introducing the Biometric Storyboards Tool for Games User Research

Pejman Mirza-Babaei and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Introducing the Biometric Storyboards Tool for Games User Research. In Proceedings of IEEE GEM 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. IEEE, 1-7. doi:10.1109/GEM.2014.7048098
Physiological Acrophobia Evaluation Through In Vivo Exposure in a VR CAVE

João Costa, James Robb, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Physiological Acrophobia Evaluation Through In Vivo Exposure in a VR CAVE. In Proceedings of IEEE GEM 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. IEEE, 1-4. doi:10.1109/GEM.2014.7047969
Player Experience: Mixed Methods and Reporting Results

Veronica Zammitto, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Ian Livingston, Marina Kobayashi, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Player Experience: Mixed Methods and Reporting Results. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. ACM, 147-150. doi:10.1145/2559206.2559239
Social Player Analytics in a Facebook Health Game

Lennart Nacke, Matthias Klauser, and Paul Prescod. 2014. Social Player Analytics in a Facebook Health Game. In Proceedings of HCI Korea 2014. Seoul, Republic of Korea. Hanbit Media, Inc., 180-187.
Synchronous Visualization of Video and Psychophysiological User Data

João Costa and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Synchronous Visualization of Video and Psychophysiological User Data. Online: https://joaopccosta.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/chigur2014_submission_17.pdf
The Edge of Glory: The Relationship Between Metacritic Scores and Player Experience

Daniel Johnson, Christopher N. Watling, John Gardner, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. The Edge of Glory: The Relationship Between Metacritic Scores and Player Experience. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. ACM, 141-150. doi:10.1145/2658537.2658694
Understanding Expectations with Multiple Controllers in an Augmented Reality Videogame

Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Nathan Gale, João Costa, Lennart Nacke, and Daniel Johnson. 2014. Understanding Expectations with Multiple Controllers in an Augmented Reality Videogame. In Proceedings of CHI PLAY 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. ACM, 201-206. doi:10.1145/2658537.2658705
Unified Visualization of Quantitative and Qualitative Playtesting Data

Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Günter Wallner, Graham McAllister, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. Unified Visualization of Quantitative and Qualitative Playtesting Data. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2014. Toronto, ON, Canada. ACM, 1363-1368. doi:10.1145/2559206.2581224
User Research for 3D Display Settings with EEG Frontal Alpha Asymmetry

Rina Wehbe, Andrew Hogue, Christopher Zerebecki, Saad Khattak, and Lennart Nacke. 2014. User Research for 3D Display Settings with EEG Frontal Alpha Asymmetry. Online: https://rinawehbe.ca/wp-content/uploads/GUR-Workshop-Rina-Submission-FINAL-LEN.pdf
Year 2013
A Hybrid Approach at Emotional State Detection: Merging Theoretical Models of Emotion with Data-Driven Statistical Classifiers

Pedro Nogueira, Rui Rodrigues, Eugénio Oliveira, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. A Hybrid Approach at Emotional State Detection: Merging Theoretical Models of Emotion with Data-Driven Statistical Classifiers. In Proceedings of WI-IAT 2013. Atlanta, GA, United States. IEEE, 253-260. doi:10.1109/WI-IAT.2013.117
A Regression-Based Method for Lightweight Emotional State Detection in Interactive Environments

Pedro Nogueira, Rui Rodrigues, Eugénio Oliveira, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. A Regression-Based Method for Lightweight Emotional State Detection in Interactive Environments. In XVI Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence (EPIA) 2013. Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
An Introduction to EEG Analysis Techniques and Brain-Computer Interfaces for Games User Researchers

Rina Wehbe and Lennart Nacke. 2013. An Introduction to EEG Analysis Techniques and Brain-Computer Interfaces for Games User Researchers. In Proceedings of DIGRA 2013. Atlanta, GA, United States. DiGRA, 1-16.
An Introduction to Physiological Player Metrics for Evaluating Games

Lennart Nacke. 2013. An Introduction to Physiological Player Metrics for Evaluating Games. In Alessandro Canossa, Anders Drachen, and Magy Seif El-Nasr. Eds. Game Analytics: Maximizing the Value of Player Data. Springer London, 585-619. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-4769-5_26
Assessing User Preference of Video Game Controller Button Settings

William Ellick, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Sharon Wood, Duncan Smith, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Assessing User Preference of Video Game Controller Button Settings. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2013. Paris, France. ACM, 1107-1112. doi:10.1145/2468356.2468554
Contextual Influences on Mobile Player Experience--A Game User Experience Model

Stephan Engl and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Contextual Influences on Mobile Player Experience--A Game User Experience Model. In Entertainment Computing 4, 1: 83-91. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.entcom.2012.06.001
Cycloshoot: Exergaming, Heart Rate, and User Experience

Dennis Kappen and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Cycloshoot: Exergaming, Heart Rate, and User Experience. Online: https://www.academia.edu/4780311/CYCLOSHOOT_Exergaming_Heart_Rate_and_User_Experience
Deconstructing 'Gamified' Task-Management Applications

Dennis Kappen, Jens Johannsmeier, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Deconstructing 'Gamified' Task-Management Applications. In Proceedings of Gamification 2013. Stratford, ON, Canada. ACM, 139-142.
Designing Gamification: Creating Gameful and Playful Experiences

Sebastian Deterding, Staffan Björk, Lennart Nacke, Dan Dixon, and Elizabeth Lawley. 2013. Designing Gamification: Creating Gameful and Playful Experiences. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2013. Paris, France. ACM, 3263-3266. doi:10.1145/2468356.2479662
Designing and Evaluating Sociability in Online Video Games

Georgios Christou, Effie Lai-Chong Law, David Geerts, Lennart Nacke, and Panayiotis Zaphiris. 2013. Designing and Evaluating Sociability in Online Video Games. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2013. Paris, France. ACM, 3239-3242. doi:10.1145/2468356.2479656
EEG-Based Assessment of Video and In-Game Learning

Rina Wehbe, Dennis Kappen, David Rojas, Matthias Klauser, Bill Kapralos, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. EEG-Based Assessment of Video and In-Game Learning. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2013. Paris, France. ACM, 667-672. doi:10.1145/2468356.2468474
Exploring Social Interaction in Co-Located Multiplayer Games

Dennis Kappen, John Gregory, Daniel Stepchenko, Rina Wehbe, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Exploring Social Interaction in Co-Located Multiplayer Games. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2013. Paris, France. ACM, 1119-1124. doi:10.1145/2468356.2468556
Games User Research using EEG Techniques.

Rina Wehbe and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Games User Research using EEG Techniques..
Games User Research: Practice, Methods, and Applications

Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Veronica Zammitto, Joerg Niesenhaus, Mirweis Sangin, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Games User Research: Practice, Methods, and Applications. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2013. Paris, France. ACM, 3219-3222. doi:10.1145/2468356.2479651
Gamification 2013: Gameful Design, Research, and Applications.

Neil Randall, Kevin Harrigan, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Gamification 2013: Gameful Design, Research, and Applications.. ACM. doi:10.1145/2583008
Guided Emotional State Regulation: Understanding and Shaping Players' Affective Experiences in Digital Games

Pedro Nogueira, Rui Rodrigues, Eugénio Oliveira, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Guided Emotional State Regulation: Understanding and Shaping Players' Affective Experiences in Digital Games. In Proceedings of AIIDE 2009. Palo Alto, CA, United States. 51-57.
How Does It Play Better? Exploring User Testing and Biometric Storyboards in Games User Research

Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Lennart Nacke, John Gregory, Nick Collins, and Geraldine Fitzpatrick. 2013. How Does It Play Better? Exploring User Testing and Biometric Storyboards in Games User Research. In Proceedings of CHI 2012. Paris, France. ACM, 1499-1508. doi:10.1145/2470654.2466200
Introducing a Biometric Storyboards Tool for Games User Research

Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Lennart Nacke, and John Gregory. 2013. Introducing a Biometric Storyboards Tool for Games User Research. Toronto, ON, Canada. IEEE. doi:10.1109/GEM.2014.7048098
Social Player Analytics in a Facebook Health Game

Lennart Nacke, Matthias Klauser, and Paul Prescod. 2013. Social Player Analytics in a Facebook Health Game. In 한국 HCI 학회 학술대회 (2014): 180-187. Online: http://hcigames.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Social-Player-Analytics-in-a-Facebook-Health-Game.pdf
Storyboarding for Games User Research

Pejman Mirza-Babaei and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Storyboarding for Games User Research. Online: https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/186514/storyboarding_for_games_user_.php
The Effect of Sound on Visual Fidelity Perception in Stereoscopic 3-D

David Rojas, Bill Kapralos, Andrew Hogue, Karen Collins, Lennart Nacke, Sayra Cristancho, Cristina Conati, and Adam Dubrowski. 2013. The Effect of Sound on Visual Fidelity Perception in Stereoscopic 3-D. In IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics 43, 6: 1572-1583. IEEE. doi:10.1109/TCYB.2013.2269712
The Kaleidoscope of Effective Gamification: Deconstructing Gamification in Business Applications

Dennis Kappen and Lennart Nacke. 2013. The Kaleidoscope of Effective Gamification: Deconstructing Gamification in Business Applications. In Proceedings of Gamification 2013. Stratford, ON, Canada. ACM, 119-122.
Time's Up: Studying Leaderboards for Engaging Punctual Behaviour

João Costa, Rina Wehbe, James Robb, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Time's Up: Studying Leaderboards for Engaging Punctual Behaviour. In Proceedings of Gamification 2013. Stratford, ON, Canada. ACM, 26-33.
Year 2012
"I'm Just Here to Play Games": Social Dynamics and Sociality in an Online Game Site

Gregor McEwan, Carl Gutwin, Regan Mandryk, and Lennart Nacke. 2012. "I'm Just Here to Play Games": Social Dynamics and Sociality in an Online Game Site. In Proceedings of CSCW 2012. Seattle, WA, United States. ACM, 549-558. doi:10.1145/2145204.2145289
Analysing Social Metrics in an Online Game Site

Gregor McEwan, Carl Gutwin, Regan Mandryk, and Lennart Nacke. 2012. Analysing Social Metrics in an Online Game Site. In Proceedings of GRAND 2012. Montréal, QC, Canada.
Biometric Storyboards: An Industry-Friendly Method for Evaluating Affect and User Experience in Games

Pejman Mirza-Babaei and Lennart Nacke. 2012. Biometric Storyboards: An Industry-Friendly Method for Evaluating Affect and User Experience in Games. Online: http://acagamic.com/wp-publications/mirzabiometric/
Biometric Storyboards: Visualising Game User Research Data

Pejman Mirza-Babaei, Lennart Nacke, Geraldine Fitzpatrick, Gareth White, Graham McAllister, and Nick Collins. 2012. Biometric Storyboards: Visualising Game User Research Data. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2012. Austin, TX, United States. ACM, 2315-2320. doi:10.1145/2212776.2223795
CycloShoot: A first-person shooter fitness game on a bicycle

Matthias Klauser, Daniel Stepchenko , Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2012. CycloShoot: A first-person shooter fitness game on a bicycle. Online: https://www.academia.edu/6177666/CycloShoot_A_first_person_shooter_fitness_game_on_a_bicycle
Feedback-Based Gameplay Metrics: Measuring Player Experience via Automatic Visual Analysis

Raphaël Marczak, Jasper van Vught, Gareth Schott, and Lennart Nacke. 2012. Feedback-Based Gameplay Metrics: Measuring Player Experience via Automatic Visual Analysis. In Proceedings of ACM IE 2012. Auckland, New Zealand. ACM, 6. doi:10.1145/2336727.2336733
Flow in Games: Proposing a Flow Experience Model

Lennart Nacke. 2012. Flow in Games: Proposing a Flow Experience Model. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Conceptualising, Operationalising and Measuring the Player Experience in Videogames at Fun and Games 2012. Toulouse, France. ACM, 104-108.
Full-Body Motion-Based Game Interaction for Older Adults

Kathrin Gerling, Ian Livingston, Lennart Nacke, and Regan Mandryk. 2012. Full-Body Motion-Based Game Interaction for Older Adults. In Proceedings of CHI 2012. Austin, TX, United States. ACM, 1873-1882. doi:10.1145/2207676.2208324
Game User Research

Magy Seif El-Nasr, Heather Desurvire, Lennart Nacke, Anders Drachen, Licia Calvi, Katherine Isbister, and Regina Bernhaupt. 2012. Game User Research. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2012. Austin, TX, United States. ACM, 2679-2682. doi:10.1145/2212776.2212694
Lennart Nacke on Marketing through Gamification & Reciprocity

Lennart Nacke. 2012. Lennart Nacke on Marketing through Gamification & Reciprocity. 422-423.
Mixed Reality Games

Elizabeth Bonsignore, Derek Hansen, Zachary Toups, Lennart Nacke, Anastasia Salter, and Wayne Lutters. 2012. Mixed Reality Games. In Proceedings of CSCW 2012. Seattle, WA, United States. ACM, 7-8. doi:10.1145/2141512.2141517
Motion-Based Game Design for Older Adults

Kathrin Gerling, Ian Livingston, Lennart Nacke, and Regan Mandryk. 2012. Motion-Based Game Design for Older Adults. In Proceedings of GRAND 2012. Montréal, QC, Canada.
Year 2011
Accessible Games SIG

Arnie Lund, Annuska Perkins, Sri Kurniawan, and Lennart Nacke. 2011. Accessible Games SIG. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 883-886. doi:10.1145/1979742.1979545
Biofeedback Game Design: Using Direct and Indirect Physiological Control to Enhance Game Interaction

Lennart Nacke, Michael Kalyn, Calvin Lough, and Regan Mandryk. 2011. Biofeedback Game Design: Using Direct and Indirect Physiological Control to Enhance Game Interaction. In Proceedings of CHI 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 103-112. doi:10.1145/1978942.1978958
Brain and Body Interfaces: Designing for Meaningful Interaction

Stephen Fairclough, Kiel Gilleade, Lennart Nacke, and Regan Mandryk. 2011. Brain and Body Interfaces: Designing for Meaningful Interaction. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 65-68. doi:10.1145/1979742.1979591
BrainHex: Preliminary Results from a Neurobiological Gamer Typology Survey

Lennart Nacke, Chris Bateman, and Regan Mandryk. 2011. BrainHex: Preliminary Results from a Neurobiological Gamer Typology Survey. In Proceedings of ICEC 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 288-293. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-24500-8_31
Calibration Games : Making Calibration Tasks Enjoyable by Adding Motivating Game Elements

David Flatla, Carl Gutwin, Lennart Nacke, Scott Bateman, and Regan Mandryk. 2011. Calibration Games : Making Calibration Tasks Enjoyable by Adding Motivating Game Elements. In Proceedings of ACM UIST 2011. Santa Barbara, CA, United States. ACM, 403-412. doi:10.1145/2047196.2047248
Designing Affective Games Using Psychophysiological Input

Lennart Nacke and Regan Mandryk. 2011. Designing Affective Games Using Psychophysiological Input. Online: http://www.acagamic.com/uploads/2007/09/GRAND-Poster.pdf
Developing a Triangulation System for Digital Game Events, Observational Video, and Psychophysiological Data to Study Emotional Responses to a Virtual Character

J. Matias Kivikangas, Lennart Nacke, and Niklas Ravaja. 2011. Developing a Triangulation System for Digital Game Events, Observational Video, and Psychophysiological Data to Study Emotional Responses to a Virtual Character. In Entertainment Computing 2, 1: 11-16. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.entcom.2011.03.006
Directions in Physiological Game Evaluation and Interaction

Lennart Nacke. 2011. Directions in Physiological Game Evaluation and Interaction. In Proceedings of the BBI Workshop at CHI 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Evaluating Player Experience in Games

Anders Drachen, Calvin Lough, and Lennart Nacke. 2011. Evaluating Player Experience in Games. In 6th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games Workshop, 2011. ACM.
From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining "Gamification"

Sebastian Deterding, Dan Dixon, Rilla Khaled, and Lennart Nacke. 2011. From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining "Gamification". In Proceedings of MindTrek 2011. Tampere, Finland. ACM, 9-15. doi:10.1145/2181037.2181040
Gamification: Toward a Definition

Sebastian Deterding, Rilla Khaled, Lennart Nacke, and Dan Dixon. 2011. Gamification: Toward a Definition. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Gamification: Using Game Design Elements in Non-Gaming Contexts

Sebastian Deterding, Miguel Sicart, Lennart Nacke, Kenton O'Hara, and Dan Dixon. 2011. Gamification: Using Game Design Elements in Non-Gaming Contexts. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 2425-2428. doi:10.1145/1979742.1979575
Influencing Experience: The Effects of Reading Game Reviews on Player Experience

Ian Livingston, Lennart Nacke, and Regan Mandryk. 2011. Influencing Experience: The Effects of Reading Game Reviews on Player Experience. In Proceedings of ICEC 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 89-100. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-24500-8_10
LAIF: A Logging and Interaction Framework for Gaze-Based Interfaces in Virtual Entertainment Environments

Lennart Nacke, Sophie Stellmach, Dennis Sasse, Joerg Niesenhaus, and Raimund Dachselt. 2011. LAIF: A Logging and Interaction Framework for Gaze-Based Interfaces in Virtual Entertainment Environments. In Entertainment Computing 2, 4: 265-273. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j.entcom.2010.09.004
Player Typology in Theory and Practice

Chris Bateman, Rebecca Lowenhaupt, and Lennart Nacke. 2011. Player Typology in Theory and Practice. In Proceedings of DIGRA 2011. Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Player-Game Interaction Through Affective Sound

Lennart Nacke and Mark Grimshaw. 2011. Player-Game Interaction Through Affective Sound. Hershey, PA, United States. IGI Global, 264-285. doi:10.4018/978-1-61692-828-5.ch013
The Impact of Negative Game Reviews and User Comments on Player Experience

Ian Livingston, Lennart Nacke, and Regan Mandryk. 2011. The Impact of Negative Game Reviews and User Comments on Player Experience. In Proceedings of ACM SIBGRAPH 2011. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 4. doi:10.1145/2037692.2037697
Towards a Framework of Player Experience Research

Lennart Nacke and Anders Drachen. 2011. Towards a Framework of Player Experience Research. In Proceedings of EPEX 2011. Bordeaux, France.
Year 2010
3D Attentional Maps: Aggregated Gaze Visualizations in Three-Dimensional Virtual Environments

Sophie Stellmach, Lennart Nacke, and Raimund Dachselt. 2010. 3D Attentional Maps: Aggregated Gaze Visualizations in Three-Dimensional Virtual Environments. In Proceedings of AVI 2010. Rome, Italy. ACM, 345-348. doi:10.1145/1842993.1843058
Advanced Gaze Visualizations for Three-Dimensional Virtual Environments

Sophie Stellmach, Lennart Nacke, and Raimund Dachselt. 2010. Advanced Gaze Visualizations for Three-Dimensional Virtual Environments. In Proceedings of ETRA 2010. Austin, TX, United States. ACM, 109-112. doi:10.1145/1743666.1743693
BioS-Play: Workshop on Multiuser and Social Biosignal Adaptive Games and Playful Applications

Kai Kuikkaniemi, Marko Turpeinen, Hannu Korhonen, Niklas Ravaja, Guillaume Chanel, and Lennart Nacke. 2010. BioS-Play: Workshop on Multiuser and Social Biosignal Adaptive Games and Playful Applications. In Proceedings of a Workshop at Fun and Games 2010. Leuven, Belgium. ACM.
Brain, Body and Bytes: Psychophysiological User Interaction

Audrey Girouard, Erin Solovey, Regan Mandryk, Desney Tan, Lennart Nacke, and Robert Jacob. 2010. Brain, Body and Bytes: Psychophysiological User Interaction. In Proceedings of CHI EA 2010. Atlanta, GA, United States. ACM, 4433-4436. doi:10.1145/1753846.1754167
Bringing Digital Games to User Research and User Experience

Lennart Nacke, Joerg Niesenhaus, Stephan Engl, Alessandro Canossa, Kai Kuikkaniemi, and Thomas Immich. 2010. Bringing Digital Games to User Research and User Experience. In Proceedings of the Entertainment Interfaces Track 2010 at Interaktive Kulturen 2010. Duisburg, Germany.
Bringing Game Design and Affective Evaluation to User Research and User Experience

Lennart Nacke, Joerg Niesenhaus, Stephan Engl, Alessandro Canossa, Kai Kuikkaniemi, and Thomas Immich. 2010. Bringing Game Design and Affective Evaluation to User Research and User Experience. In Entertainment Interfaces Workshop. Duisburg, Germany. Online: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287316967_Bringing_digital_games_to_user_research_and_user_experience
Correlation Between Heart Rate, Electrodermal Activity and Player Experience in First-Person Shooter Games

Anders Drachen, Lennart Nacke, Georgios Yannakakis, and Anja Pedersen. 2010. Correlation Between Heart Rate, Electrodermal Activity and Player Experience in First-Person Shooter Games. In R Wainess and S. Spencer. Eds. Proceedings of ACM Siggraph 2010. Los Angeles, CA, United States. ACM, 49-54. doi:10.1145/1836135.1836143
Critic-Proofing: Robust Validation Through Data-Mining

Ian Livingston, Lennart Nacke, and Regan Mandryk. 2010. Critic-Proofing: Robust Validation Through Data-Mining. In Proceedings of Fun and Games 2010: 81-94. Leuven, Belgium.
Designing Affective Games with Physiological Input

Lennart Nacke and Regan Mandryk. 2010. Designing Affective Games with Physiological Input. In Proceedings of Fun and Games BiosPlay Workshop 2010. Leuven, Belgium. ACM.
Electroencephalographic Assessment of Player Experience: A Pilot Study in Affective Ludology

Lennart Nacke, Sophie Stellmach, and Craig Lindley. 2010. Electroencephalographic Assessment of Player Experience: A Pilot Study in Affective Ludology. In Simulation & Gaming 42, 5: 632-655. SAGE Publications. doi:10.1177/1046878110378140
Gameplay Experience Testing with Playability and Usability Surveys-An Experimental Pilot Study

Lennart Nacke, Jonas Schild, and Joerg Niesenhaus. 2010. Gameplay Experience Testing with Playability and Usability Surveys-An Experimental Pilot Study. In Proceedings of Playability and Player Experience Workshop at Fun and Games 2010: 31-45. Leuven, Belgium. ACM.
How Mobile is Mobile Gaming? Contextual Influences on Mobile Player Experience–A Model Proposition

Stephan Engl and Lennart Nacke. 2010. How Mobile is Mobile Gaming? Contextual Influences on Mobile Player Experience–A Model Proposition. In Mensch & Computer 2010 Entertainment Interfaces Track: 9-18. Online: https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/7374
Methods for Evaluating Gameplay Experience in a Serious Gaming Context

Lennart Nacke, Anders Drachen, and Stefan Göbel. 2010. Methods for Evaluating Gameplay Experience in a Serious Gaming Context. In International Journal of Computer Science in Sport 9, 2.
More Than a Feeling: Measurement of Sonic User Experience and Psychophysiology in a First-Person Shooter Game

Lennart Nacke, Mark Grimshaw, and Craig Lindley. 2010. More Than a Feeling: Measurement of Sonic User Experience and Psychophysiology in a First-Person Shooter Game. In Interacting with Computers 22, 5: 7. Interact Comput. doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2010.04.005
Playability and Player Experience of Casual Games

Licia Calvi, Stefano Gualeni, Koos Nuijten, Lennart Nacke, and Karolien Poels. 2010. Playability and Player Experience of Casual Games. In Proceedings of Fun and Games 2010. Leuven, Belgium.
Psychological Correlations with Gameplay Experience Dimensions

Anders Drachen, Lennart Nacke, Georgios Yannakakis, and Anja Pedersen. 2010. Psychological Correlations with Gameplay Experience Dimensions. ACM. Online: https://andersdrachen.files.wordpress.com/2014/07/psychophysiological-correlations-with-gameplay-experience-dimensions.pdf
The Neurobiology of Play

Chris Bateman and Lennart Nacke. 2010. The Neurobiology of Play. In Proceedings of Futureplay 2010. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 1-8. doi:10.1145/1920778.1920780
Wiimote vs. Controller: Electroencephalographic Measurement of Affective Gameplay Interaction

Lennart Nacke. 2010. Wiimote vs. Controller: Electroencephalographic Measurement of Affective Gameplay Interaction. In Proceedings of Futureplay 2010. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 159-166. doi:10.1145/1920778.1920801
Year 2009
Affective Ludology, Flow and Immersion in a First-Person Shooter: Measurement of Player Experience

Lennart Nacke and Craig Lindley. 2009. Affective Ludology, Flow and Immersion in a First-Person Shooter: Measurement of Player Experience. In Loading...: The Journal of the Canadian Game Studies Association 3, 5.
Affective Ludology: Scientific Measurement of User Experience in Interactive Entertainment

Lennart Nacke. 2009. Affective Ludology: Scientific Measurement of User Experience in Interactive Entertainment. Karlskrona, Sweden. Blekinge Institute of Technology.
Brain Training for Silver Gamers: Effects of Age and Game Form on Effectiveness, Efficiency, Self-Assessment, and Gameplay Experience.

Lennart Nacke, Anne Nacke, and Craig Lindley. 2009. Brain Training for Silver Gamers: Effects of Age and Game Form on Effectiveness, Efficiency, Self-Assessment, and Gameplay Experience.. In CyberPsychology & Behavior 12, 5: 493-499. NY, USA. Mary Ann Libert. doi:10.1089/cpb.2009.0013
From Playability to a Hierarchical Game Usability Model

Lennart Nacke. 2009. From Playability to a Hierarchical Game Usability Model. In Proceedings of Future Play 2009. Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM, 11-12. doi:10.1145/1639601.1639609
Game Experience: Components and Methods of Measurement

Lennart Nacke. 2009. Game Experience: Components and Methods of Measurement. In Proceedings of FUGA 2009. Espoo, Finland. Helsinki Institute for Information Technology. Online: http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A835762
Gameplay Experience in a Gaze Interaction Game

Lennart Nacke, Sophie Stellmach, Dennis Sasse, and Craig Lindley. 2009. Gameplay Experience in a Gaze Interaction Game. In A. Villanueva, J. Hansen, and B. Ersbo. Eds. Proceedings of COGAIN 2009. Lyngby, Denmark. The COGAIN Association, 49-54.
Playability and Player Experience Research

Lennart Nacke, Anders Drachen, Kai Kuikkaniemi, Joerg Niesenhaus, Hannu Korhonen, Wouter Hoogen, Karolien Poels, Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn, and Yvonne Kort. 2009. Playability and Player Experience Research. In Proceedings of DiGRA 2009. Brunel University, West London, UK. DiGRA.
Trends and Techniques in Visual Gaze Analysis

Sophie Stellmach, Lennart Nacke, Raimund Dachselt, and Craig Lindley. 2009. Trends and Techniques in Visual Gaze Analysis. In A. Villanueva, J. Hansen, and B. Ersbo. Eds. Proceedings of COGAIN 2009. Lyngby, Denmark. The COGAIN Association, 89-93.