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Researching Affective Systems and Engaging Interactions

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Project Details

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Applied Game Design for Non-Entertainment Systems

In the last couple of years, we have seen a rapid explosion of mass-market consumer software that takes deep inspiration from video games, especially from game design. This phenomenon has been called “gamification” and this game design trend connects existing concepts and research in human-computer interaction, psychology, and game studies, especially serious games, pervasive games, alternate reality games, and playful design. Using game design elements, such as reward or punishment systems, in non-game contexts to motivate user activity has rapidly gained traction in interaction design. This has spawned an intense debate within the professional game development community as well as the development of numerous “gamified” applications – ranging from productivity to finance, health, sustainability, news, user-generated content (UGC), and tutorials. Our goal in this research is to identify what game design elements are especially suitable to motivate behaviour in what areas of non-entertainment products.

People

Lead

Lennart Nacke
Director of the HCI Games Group

Participants

Marim Ganaba
Master's Student and UX Researcher
Melissa Stocco
Undergraduate Researcher
Dominic Elm
Visiting Master's Student
Rina Wehbe
Ph.D. Student, Errors, Perception of AI, Health Games
Gustavo Fortes Tondello
Ph.D. Researcher, Personalization of Gameful Interactive Systems
Dennis Kappen
Ph.D. Graduate, Game Design and User Interaction for Older Adults
Alberto Mora
Visiting Ph.D. Student, Gamification Elements
Elisa Mekler
Post Doctoral Fellow

Publications


Proceedings

HexArcade: Predicting Hexad User Types By Using Gameful Applications

Maximilian Altmeyer , Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Antonio Krüger, and Lennart Nacke. 2020. HexArcade: Predicting Hexad User Types By Using Gameful Applications. .
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Article

Validation of User Preferences and Effects of Personalized Gamification on Task Performance

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2020. Validation of User Preferences and Effects of Personalized Gamification on Task Performance. .
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Article

Defining Gameful Experience as a Psychological State Caused by Gameplay: Replacing the Term ‘Gamefulness’ with Three Distinct Constructs

Richard Landers, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Andrew Collmus, Elisa Mekler, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Defining Gameful Experience as a Psychological State Caused by Gameplay: Replacing the Term ‘Gamefulness’ with Three Distinct Constructs. .
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PhD Thesis

Dynamic Personalization of Gameful Interactive Systems

Gustavo Fortes Tondello. 2019. Dynamic Personalization of Gameful Interactive Systems. .

Article

Empirical Validation of the Gamification User Types Hexad Scale in English and Spanish

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Alberto Mora, Andrzej Marczewski, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Empirical Validation of the Gamification User Types Hexad Scale in English and Spanish. .
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Proceedings

Gameful Design Heuristics: A Gamification Inspection Tool

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Marim Ganaba, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Gameful Design Heuristics: A Gamification Inspection Tool. .
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Proceedings

Motivational Affordances for Older Adults’ Physical Activity Technology: An Expert Evaluation

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Motivational Affordances for Older Adults’ Physical Activity Technology: An Expert Evaluation. .
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Article

Older Adults’ Physical Activity and Exergames: A Systematic Review

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2019. Older Adults’ Physical Activity and Exergames: A Systematic Review. .

Proceedings

A Theory of Gamification Principles Through Goal-Setting Theory

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Hardy Premsukh, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. A Theory of Gamification Principles Through Goal-Setting Theory. .
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Proceedings

Effect of personalized gameful design on student engagement

Alberto Mora, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Lennart Nacke, and Joan Arnedo-Moreno. 2018. Effect of personalized gameful design on student engagement. .
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Proceedings

Gamification of Older Adults’ Physical Activity: An Eight-Week Study

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Gamification of Older Adults’ Physical Activity: An Eight-Week Study. .
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Proceedings

Gamification: Tools and Techniques for Motivating Users

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Gamification: Tools and Techniques for Motivating Users. .
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Proceedings

Personalizing Persuasive Strategies in Gameful Systems to Gamification User Types

Rita Orji, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Personalizing Persuasive Strategies in Gameful Systems to Gamification User Types. .
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Proceedings

Practical Insights into the Design of Future Disaster Response Training Simulations

Sultan Alharthi, Nicolas LaLone, Ahmed Khalaf, Ruth Castillo, Lennart Nacke, Igor Dolgov, and Zachary Toups. 2018. Practical Insights into the Design of Future Disaster Response Training Simulations. .
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Proceedings

Towards Customizing Gameful Systems by Gameful Design Elements

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2018. Towards Customizing Gameful Systems by Gameful Design Elements. .
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PhD Thesis

Adaptive engagement of older adults’ fitness through gamification

Dennis Kappen. 2017. Adaptive engagement of older adults’ fitness through gamification. .

Proceedings

Applying Gameful Design Heuristics

Gustavo Fortes Tondello and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Applying Gameful Design Heuristics. .
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Proceedings

CLEVER: A Gameful Enterprise Learning System

Dominic Elm, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. CLEVER: A Gameful Enterprise Learning System. .
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Proceedings

Elements of Gameful Design Emerging from User Preferences

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Alberto Mora, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Elements of Gameful Design Emerging from User Preferences. .
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Proceedings

Exploring the Potential of Game Audio for Wellbeing

Katja Rogers and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Exploring the Potential of Game Audio for Wellbeing. .
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Proceedings

Gamification through the Application of Motivational Affordances for Physical Activity Technology

Dennis Kappen, Pejman Mirza-Babaei, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Gamification through the Application of Motivational Affordances for Physical Activity Technology. .
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Proceedings

Positive Gaming: Workshop on Gamification and Games for Wellbeing

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rita Orji, Kellie Vella, Daniel Johnson, Marierose van Dooren, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Positive Gaming: Workshop on Gamification and Games for Wellbeing. .
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Proceedings

Recommender Systems for Personalized Gamification

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rita Orji, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Recommender Systems for Personalized Gamification. .
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Article

The maturing of gamification research

Lennart Nacke and Sebastian Deterding. 2017. The maturing of gamification research. .
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Proceedings

Towards Personality-driven Persuasive Health Games and Gamified Systems

Rita Orji, Lennart Nacke, and Chrysanne Di Marco. 2017. Towards Personality-driven Persuasive Health Games and Gamified Systems. .
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Proceedings

Using technology to boost employee wellbeing? How gamification can help or hinder results

Ekaterina Pogrebtsova, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Hardy Premsukh, and Lennart Nacke. 2017. Using technology to boost employee wellbeing? How gamification can help or hinder results. .
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Proceedings

ABOVE WATER: An Educational Game for Anxiety

Rina Wehbe, Diane Watson, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Marim Ganaba, Melissa Stocco, Alvin Lee, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. ABOVE WATER: An Educational Game for Anxiety. .
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Proceedings

ABOVE WATER: Extending the Play Space for Health

Rina Wehbe, Diane Watson, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. ABOVE WATER: Extending the Play Space for Health. .
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Proceedings

CHI PLAYGUE: A Mobile Conference Networking Game

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. CHI PLAYGUE: A Mobile Conference Networking Game. .
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Proceedings

CLEVER: A Trivia and Strategy Game for Enterprise Knowledge Learning

Dominic Elm, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Marim Ganaba, Melissa Stocco, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. CLEVER: A Trivia and Strategy Game for Enterprise Knowledge Learning. .
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Proceedings

CLEVER: Gamification and Enterprise Knowledge Learning

Dominic Elm, Dennis Kappen, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. CLEVER: Gamification and Enterprise Knowledge Learning. .
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Proceedings

Design Strategies for Gamified Physical Activity Applications for Older Adults

Dennis Kappen, Lennart Nacke, Kathrin Gerling, and Lia Tsotos. 2016. Design Strategies for Gamified Physical Activity Applications for Older Adults. .
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Proceedings

Heuristic Evaluation for Gameful Design

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Dennis Kappen, Elisa Mekler, Marim Ganaba, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. Heuristic Evaluation for Gameful Design. .
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Proceedings

The Gamification User Types Hexad Scale

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, Lisa Diamond, Marc Busch, Andrzej Marczewski, and Lennart Nacke. 2016. The Gamification User Types Hexad Scale. .
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Proceedings

Adaptive Engagement of Older Adults’ Fitness through Gamification

Dennis Kappen. 2015. Adaptive Engagement of Older Adults’ Fitness through Gamification. .
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Proceedings

CHI PLAYGUE: A Networking Game of Emergent Sociality

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, Samantha Stahlke, Amanda Leo, Rylan Koroluk, and Lennart Nacke. 2015. CHI PLAYGUE: A Networking Game of Emergent Sociality. .
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Proceedings

Personalization in Serious and Persuasive Games and Gamified Interactions

Marc Busch, Elke Mattheiss, Rita Orji, Andrzej Marczewski, Wolfgang Hochleitner, Michael Lankes, Lennart Nacke, and Manfred Tscheligi. 2015. Personalization in Serious and Persuasive Games and Gamified Interactions. .
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Proceedings

The HEXAD Gamification User Types Questionnaire : Background and Development Process

Lisa Diamond, Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Andrzej Marczewski, Lennart Nacke, and Manfred Tscheligi. 2015. The HEXAD Gamification User Types Questionnaire : Background and Development Process. .
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Proceedings

Towards a Personalized Playful Digital Wellness Assistant

Gustavo Fortes Tondello, Rina Wehbe, and Lennart Nacke. 2015. Towards a Personalized Playful Digital Wellness Assistant. .
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Proceedings

Deconstructing 'Gamified' Task-Management Applications

Dennis Kappen, Jens Johannsmeier, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Deconstructing 'Gamified' Task-Management Applications. .
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Proceedings

Designing Gamification: Creating Gameful and Playful Experiences

Sebastian Deterding, Staffan Björk, Lennart Nacke, Dan Dixon, and Elizabeth Lawley. 2013. Designing Gamification: Creating Gameful and Playful Experiences. .
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Proceedings

The Kaleidoscope of Effective Gamification: Deconstructing Gamification in Business Applications

Dennis Kappen and Lennart Nacke. 2013. The Kaleidoscope of Effective Gamification: Deconstructing Gamification in Business Applications. .
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Proceedings

Time's Up: Studying Leaderboards for Engaging Punctual Behaviour

João Costa, Rina Wehbe, James Robb, and Lennart Nacke. 2013. Time's Up: Studying Leaderboards for Engaging Punctual Behaviour. .
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Proceedings

Calibration Games : Making Calibration Tasks Enjoyable by Adding Motivating Game Elements

David Flatla, Carl Gutwin, Lennart Nacke, Scott Bateman, and Regan Mandryk. 2011. Calibration Games : Making Calibration Tasks Enjoyable by Adding Motivating Game Elements. .
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Proceedings

From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining "Gamification"

Sebastian Deterding, Dan Dixon, Rilla Khaled, and Lennart Nacke. 2011. From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining "Gamification". .
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Proceedings

Gamification: Toward a Definition

Sebastian Deterding, Rilla Khaled, Lennart Nacke, and Dan Dixon. 2011. Gamification: Toward a Definition. .
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Proceedings

Gamification: Using Game Design Elements in Non-Gaming Contexts

Sebastian Deterding, Miguel Sicart, Lennart Nacke, Kenton O'Hara, and Dan Dixon. 2011. Gamification: Using Game Design Elements in Non-Gaming Contexts. .
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Article

Methods for Evaluating Gameplay Experience in a Serious Gaming Context

Lennart Nacke, Anders Drachen, and Stefan Göbel. 2010. Methods for Evaluating Gameplay Experience in a Serious Gaming Context. .
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